Rasyfillah, Muhammad Rafi (2024) Pra Rencana Pabrik Kalsium Klorida Dihidrat dari Batu Kapur dan Asam Klorida dengan Proses Hidroklorinasi. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Calcium Chloride Dihydrate Plant from Limestone and Hydrochloric Acid with Hydrochlorination Process Capacity of 40,000 Tons/Year, is planned to be established in the Tuban Industrial Area (KIT), Tuban, East Java. Calcium chloride dihydrate is used as an alkali reducer in the cement industry. In addition, calcium chloride dihydrate can also be used as a drying agent and to increase the strength of paper in the paper and pulp industry, as a preservative for canned vegetables in the food industry, and as a remover of dissolved substances in hydrocarbons in the petrochemical industry. In this Pre-Factory Plan, the plant is planned to operate for 330 days a year, and 24 hours a day. The process of making calcium chloride dihydrate is briefly carried out with limestone raw materials fed to the jaw crusher to be crushed and ground in a ball mill to 100 mesh. From the ball mill it is then fed to the hopper. Limestone is then fed to the reactor simultaneously with a 32% HCl solution, becoming calcium chloride by releasing CO2 gas. The reaction runs at a temperature of 40 oC with a pressure of 1 atm. The upper output of the reactor in the form of CO2 gas is fed to the scrubber to reduce the concentration of CO2 gas using water before being released into the air. While the lower output of the slurry reactor in the form of CaCl2, H2O, and the remaining CaCO3 is fed to the rotary drum vacuum filter to separate the calcium chloride filtrate (CaCl2) from the calcium carbonate cake (CaCO3). The calcium chloride filtrate is then concentrated in the evaporator. The H2O gas that evaporates upwards is condensed in the barometric condenser and collected in the hot well. The saturated calcium chloride solution is then crystallized in the crystallizer. The calcium chloride dihydrate crystals (CaCl2.2H2O) and the mother liquor formed are then separated using a centrifuge. The mother liquor is recycled back to the crystallizer, while the wet crystals are flowed with a screw conveyor to be dried in a rotary dryer with the help of hot air in a countercurrent manner. The hot air comes from the free air of the blower which is heated in the heater to be distributed to the rotary dryer. The upper output of the rotary dryer in the form of hot air and entrained solids is separated using a cyclone, where the hot air is discharged into the air while the entrained solids are fed with the bottom product of the rotary dryer to the cooling screw conveyor. The crystals are cooled in the cooling screw conveyor to a temperature of 32℃ and then ground with a ball mill to 20 mesh. Furthermore, it is carried by screw conveyor and bucket elevator to the storage silo as the final product of calcium chloride dihydrate crystals (CaCl2.2H2O). The final product is then packaged using 25 kg sack packaging for marketing. The provisions for the establishment of the planned calcium chloride dihydrate factory can be concluded as follows: • Capacity: 40,000 tons/year • Company form: Limited Liability Company • Organizational system: Line and Staff • Factory location: Tuban Industrial Area (KIT) • Land area: 45,000 m2 • Operating system: Continuous • Operating time: 330 days • Number of employees: 149 people Economic analysis: • Construction period: 3 years • Equipment life: 10 years • Fixed Capital Investment (FCI): Rp 539,010,756,428.75 • Working Capital Investment (WCI): Rp 233,115,147,631.26 • Total Capital Investment (TCI): Rp 772,125,904,060.01 • Raw material costs (per year): Rp 453,261,342,319.87 • Utility costs (per year): Rp 36,564,553,004.51 • Production costs (TPC): Rp 932,460,590,525.03 • Sales results: Rp 1,202,000,000,000.00 • Bank loan interest: 7.8% • Rate on Investment (before tax): 24% • Rate on Investment (after tax): 21% • Pay Back Period (PBP): 3 years 4 months • Internal Rate of Return: 17% • Break Even Point (BEP): 34%
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Rafi Rasyfillah | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 12 Nov 2024 02:31 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 12 Nov 2024 02:31 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/31973 |
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