ROFIQ, AINUR (2025) Optimasi Hidrolisis Limbah Kulit Buah Gayam Menggunakan Metode Asam Menjadi Gula Pereduksi. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
The peel of the gayam fruit (Inocarpus fagifer) is an organic waste that has not yet been optimally utilized, despite containing a relatively high cellulose content of 35.24%. This cellulose has the potential to be converted into glucose as a raw material for bioethanol production. This study aims to optimize the hydrolysis process of gayam fruit peel waste into reducing sugar (glucose) using hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a catalyst, with the application of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The initial stage involved a delignification process using 8% NaOH solution at 80°C for 60 minutes to remove lignin. The delignification results showed a decrease in lignin content from 12.36% to 4.603% and an increase in cellulose content to 37.536%. Subsequently, hydrolysis was carried out using HCl with varying concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 N, and reaction times of 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 minutes. The glucose concentration produced was analyzed using a refractometer and UV-Vis spectrophotometry with the Nelson-Somogyi method. The highest yield of 25.3% was obtained at a concentration of 5 N and a reaction time of 150 minutes. Optimization with RSM indicated the optimum condition at 5 N HCl concentration and 156.67 minutes of hydrolysis time, with a predicted glucose concentration of 24.3668% and an actual yield of 4.7217% (47,217 ppm). The increase in hydrolysis time and HCl concentration was directly proportional to the glucose concentration until the optimum point was reached. Beyond this point, glucose concentration decreased due to degradation into by-products such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and formic acid. The regression model obtained showed an R² value of 99.65%, indicating that the model was highly reliable for predicting the results. This study demonstrates that gayam fruit peel waste can be utilized as an alternative raw material for reducing sugar production through an optimized acid hydrolysis process.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP368 Food processing and manufacture T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP500 Fermentation industries. Beverages. Alcohol |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Ainur Rofiq - | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 16 Sep 2025 02:37 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 16 Sep 2025 02:37 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/43039 |
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