Fadhilah, Said Ahmad (2026) Pra Rencana Pabrik Pabrik Kalium Sulfat dari Natrium Sulfat dan Kalium Klorida dengan Proses Presipitasi Glaserite. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
A Potassium Sulfate plant from Sodium Sulfate and Potassium Chloride is planned to be built in the Kota Bukit Indah Industrial Estate, Purwakarta, West Java, in 2029. The plant will have a production capacity of 60,000 tons/year and will operate continuously for 330 days/year. The main product is Potassium Sulfate (K2SO4) with 98% purity, which is widely used as a chloride-free fertilizer. The by-product, Sodium Chloride (NaCl) with 98% purity, is intended for industrial consumption. The Potassium Sulfate production process consists of two main reaction stages based on the Glaserite Precipitation Process. The first stage is the formation of the intermediate compound glaserite (K3Na(SO4)2) in Reactor-1 (CSTR) at 25°C with a residence time of 60 minutes. This reaction involves 34% Na2SO4 and 33% KCl with the following equation: 2Na2SO4 (aq) + 3KCl (aq) => K3Na(SO4)2 (s) + 3NaCl (aq) The glaserite is then separated and proceeds to the second stage, while the NaCl solution continues to the by-product purification stage. The second stage involves the decomposition of glaserite into the final product, potassium sulfate, in Reactor-2 (CSTR) at 30°C for 45 minutes with the addition of 28% excess KCl, with the following equation: K3Na(SO4)2 (s) + KCl (aq) => 2K2SO4 (s) + NaCl (aq) The potassium sulfate is then separated and becomes the main product, while the NaCl solution continues to the by-product purification stage. The by-product purification stage begins by crystallizing mirabilite (Na2SO4.10H2O) at 0°C with the aid of CO2 refrigerant. After crystallization, the mirabilite is separated from the NaCl solution. The NaCl solution is then further evaporated in an evaporator to evaporate most of the water and cooled to produce solid NaCl. The solid NaCl is then separated from the solution and becomes a by-product. The remaining mother liquor is mixed with the previously prepared mirabilite and recycled to Reactor 1. The residence time in both reactors is then calculated using a reaction kinetics approach derived from available data. Initial design details for the potassium sulfate plant: 1. Production Capacity = 60,000 tons/year 2. Organizational Form = Limited Liability Company (PT) 3. Organizational Structure = Line and Staff 4. Factory Location = Bukit Indah Industrial Estate, Purwakarta, West Java 5. Operating System = Continuous 6. Operating Hours = 330 days/year, 24 hours/day 7. Number of Employees = 180 8. Economic Analysis a. Construction Period = 2 years b. Factory Life = 10 years c. Fixed Capital Investment = Rp 936,314,774,657 d. Working Capital Investment = Rp 165,232,019,057 e. Total Capital Investment = Rp 1,101,546,793,714 f. Total Production Cost = Rp 1,914,608,791,445 g. Sales = Rp 2,462,927,313,114 h. Bank Interest = 8.35% i. Return on Investment (before tax) = 41.12% j. Return on Investment (after tax) = 32.07% k. Payback Period = 3 years, 4 months l. Internal Rate of Return = 26.01% m. Break-Even Point = 33.43%
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||||||
| Depositing User: | Said Ahmad Fadhilah | ||||||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 12 May 2026 04:40 | ||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 20 May 2026 03:35 | ||||||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/50007 |
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