Pengaruh Inokulum Kotoran Sapi terhadap Kinerja ABR dalam Efisiensi Penyisihan COD dan Produksi Metana pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu

Rinandi, Favian Haidar (2026) Pengaruh Inokulum Kotoran Sapi terhadap Kinerja ABR dalam Efisiensi Penyisihan COD dan Produksi Metana pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.

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Abstract

The tofu industry generates wastewater with a very high organic load. Preliminary analysis in this study showed wastewater characteristics of COD 8,973 mg/L, TSS 486 mg/L, and pH 4, far exceeding the COD standard of 300 mg/L stipulated in Regulation of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 2014. This wastewater also has a low COD/N ratio due to the high fraction of dissolved soybean protein, which may cause nutrient imbalance during anaerobic treatment. The Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) is an effective treatment alternative, yet it is frequently constrained by a slow start-up phase caused by volatile fatty acid accumulation and a limited initial methanogenic population. The problems addressed in this study are the effect of cow manure inoculum addition on the start-up phase, COD removal efficiency, methane production, and the relationship between the two. This study aims to analyze the performance of an ABR in removing COD and producing methane from tofu industry wastewater through the addition of cow manure inoculum. The research was conducted experimentally at laboratory scale using a 24 L acrylic ABR operated in semi-batch mode with an HRT of 24 hours, mesophilic conditions, and a controlled pH of 6.5–7.5. The independent variable was the inoculum-to-substrate ratio of 0% (Reactor A), 10% (Reactor B), and 25% (Reactor C), observed on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. COD was analyzed according to SNI 6989.15:2019, biogas volume was measured manometrically, and methane content was determined by Gas Chromatography. The results show that inoculum addition accelerated the start-up phase, with MLSS above 3,000 mg/L reached on day 14 (Reactor C), day 17 (Reactor B), and day 19 (Reactor A). On day 21, the highest COD removal efficiency was achieved by Reactor C at 90.64%, followed by Reactors B and A (83.68–88.18%). Biogas volume increased from 185.53 mL (0%) to 463.83 mL (10%) and 649.36 mL (25%), with the highest methane content of 52.64% and a methane yield of 16.96 mL CH₄/g COD removed in Reactor C. The increase in COD removal efficiency was directly proportional to the increase in methane percentage in all reactors. Therefore, the addition of cow manure inoculum is proven to accelerate the start-up phase, improve COD removal efficiency, and enhance the conversion of organic matter into methane in the treatment of tofu industry wastewater using an ABR, although the resulting effluent still requires further polishing treatment to comply with the applicable effluent standard.

Item Type:

Thesis (Undergraduate)

Contributors:

Contribution	Contributors	NIDN/NIDK	Email
Thesis advisor	Jawwad, Muhammad Abdus Salam	NIDN0027079403	muhammad.abdus.tl@upnjatim.ac.id
Thesis advisor	Cundaningsih, Nurvita	NIDN0329089303	nurvita.c.ft@upnjatim.ac.id

Subjects:

T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering

Divisions:

Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Environmental Engineering

Depositing User:

Favian Haidar Rinandi

Date Deposited:

02 Sep 2026 03:03

Last Modified:

02 Sep 2026 03:28

URI:

https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/59249