Rachmawati, Diannita Tri (2026) Studi Proses Delignifikasi Kulit Singkong Menggunakan Pelarut Alkali Dengan Penambahan Sonikasi. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
The hemicellulose and cellulose content in cassava peel holds potential as a raw material for bioethanol and other derivative products. However, the presence of lignin which acts as a structural binder in the lignocellulosic matrix hinders the conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose into bioethanol. To address this issue, a delignification process using an NaOH solvent assisted by sonication was developed sonication accelerates lignin dissolution through cavitation phenomena generated by the sonicator. This study aims to determine the effect of sonication power and duration on the percentage of delignification and the temperature rise during the process. Prior to delignification, the cassava peels were oven dried for one hour and ground to a particle size of 40 mesh. These steps were taken to facilitate a comprehensive assessment of the sonication-assisted delignification process on the cassava peel samples. The experimental variables included delignification times of 30, 50, 70, 90, and 110 minutes, and sonication power of 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 watts. The results indicate that both delignification time and sonication power influence the process. Chesson-Datta and NDF analyses revealed that increasing sonication power from 0 to 60 watts resulted in reduced lignin content and increased cellulose content, indicating effective delignification. However, when the power was increased to 90–120 watts, lignin content rose again while cellulose content decreased; this was attributed to lignin re-condensation, the degradation of other components within the hot water soluble fraction, and changes in biomass composition caused by excessively high temperatures (above 50°C). FTIR and SEM analyses also confirmed lignin degradation within the 0 to 60 watt power range. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the addition of sonication can enhance delignification effectiveness up to a certain point, with the optimal conditions being a power of 60 watts and a duration of 70 minutes.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Diannita Tri Rachmawati | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 31 Aug 2026 02:47 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 31 Aug 2026 02:47 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/59093 |
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