ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI DISPENSASI KAWIN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 16 TAHUN 2019 (Studi di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo)

ARANI, DEWA AYU FITRI (2026) ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI DISPENSASI KAWIN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 16 TAHUN 2019 (Studi di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo). Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK: Peningkatan batas usia perkawinan menjadi 19 tahun melalui UU No. 16 Tahun 2019 merupakan upaya negara dalam melindungi anak dari dampak negatif perkawinan usia dini, namun tingginya permohonan dispensasi kawin di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo yang masih didominasi oleh kehamilan di luar nikah, faktor budaya, ekonomi, dan rendahnya tingkat pendidikan menunjukkan bahwa tujuan perlindungan anak belum sepenuhnya tercapai sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pemberian dispensasi kawin berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 dalam perspektif perlindungan anak serta karakteristik pertimbangan hakim dalam pemberian dispensasi kawin di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris yang menggunakan data primer berupa hasil wawancara dengan hakim Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo dan data sekunder berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, serta literatur yang relevan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif berdasarkan teori perlindungan anak, prinsip best interest of the child, dan teori kepastian hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pemberian dispensasi kawin di Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo telah mengacu pada UU No. 16 Tahun 2019 dan PERMA Nomor 5 Tahun 2019 dengan mengutamakan kepentingan terbaik bagi anak melalui pemeriksaan kondisi kesehatan, pendidikan, dan kehendak anak, sedangkan karakteristik pertimbangan hakim dibangun berdasarkan perpaduan antara pertimbangan yuridis dan fakta persidangan. Namun belum adanya batasan yang jelas mengenai alasan mendesak masih berpotensi menimbulkan perbedaan penafsiran sehingga diperlukan pengaturan yang lebih tegas untuk memperkuat perlindungan anak dan kepastian hukum. Kata Kunci : Dispensasi Kawin; Perlindungan Anak; Kepastian Hukum; Pertimbangan Hakim; Kepentingan Terbaik Bagi Anak. ABSTRACT: The increase in the minimum marriage age to 19 years through Law Number 16 of 2019 constitutes the government's effort to protect children from the negative impacts of child marriage, however, the high number of marriage dispensation applications at the Sidoarjo Religious Court, which are still predominantly caused by out-of-wedlock pregnancies, cultural factors, economic conditions, and low levels of education, indicates that the objective of child protection has not been fully achieved, therefore this study aims to analyze the implementation of marriage dispensation under Law Number 16 of 2019 from the perspective of child protection as well as the characteristics of judges' considerations in granting marriage dispensations at the Sidoarjo Religious Court. This study is an empirical legal research employing an empirical juridical approach using primary data in the form of interview results with judges of the Sidoarjo Religious Court and secondary data consisting of legislation, court decisions, and relevant literature, which were subsequently analyzed qualitatively based on the theory of child protection, the principle of the best interest of the child, and the theory of legal certainty. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of marriage dispensation at the Sidoarjo Religious Court has referred to Law Number 16 of 2019 and Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) Number 5 of 2019 by prioritizing the best interests of the child through the assessment of health conditions, education, and the child's wishes, while the characteristics of judges' considerations are constructed based on a combination of juridical considerations and facts revealed during the trial. However, the absence of clear parameters regarding compelling reasons still has the potential to create differences in interpretation, thereby requiring more explicit regulations to strengthen child protection and legal certainty. Keywords: Marriage Dispensation; Child Protection; Legal Certainty; Judicial Reasoning; Best Interests of the Child.

Item Type:

Thesis (Undergraduate)

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