Firmansyah, Mohammad Ferry (2026) THE EFFECT OF RIPT-TiO2 PERFORMANCE AND VARIATIONS IN CHLORINE DOSAGE DURING POST-TREATMENT ON THE POTENTIAL FOR THE FORMATION OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBPs). Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Bonagung River in Surabaya carries a high load of dissolved organic matter (DOM), with raw water COD reaching 128 mg/L, a level that makes it a strong precursor for carcinogenic disinfection by-products, particularly Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs), once disinfection begins. This study examines how adding a pretreatment unit affects the performance of a Resin-Immobilized Photocatalyst (RIPT-TiO₂) reactor, run under a 15-Watt UV-C lamp, in limiting TTHM formation. Two schemes were tested: Scheme 1 with pretreatment, and Scheme 2 without. RIPT-TiO₂ resin mass (20, 40, 60, and 80 g), contact time (0–240 minutes), and NaOCl chlorine dosage (1, 3, and 5 mg/L) were each varied to identify optimal conditions. The pretreatment unit, using coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (KFS) with an alum dosage of 250 mg/L and 90 minutes of settling to reduced turbidity by 99%, from 5.02 NTU to 0.025 NTU. The RIPT reactor performed best at 80 g resin and 240 minutes contact time, cutting UV254 (aromatic compounds) by 97% and COD by 75%. Using Model 4 for TTHM estimation (best fit at R² = 0.789), the initial TTHM concentration of 2.79 μg/L in raw water dropped by 49% to 1.375 μg/L under Scheme 2, and by 53% to 1.278 μg/L under Scheme 1. A Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test confirmed this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.011 < 0.05), indicating that the pretreatment unit meaningfully reduces TTHM concentration. A NaOCl dosage of 3 mg/L proved most suitable overall, satisfying pathogen inactivation requirements while keeping free residual chlorine within water quality standards.. Overall, integrating KFS prior to the RIPT-TiO₂ unit is strongly recommended to produce clean water effluent that is safe from carcinogenic TTHM risks, remaining far below the regulatory safety threshold (100 μg/L).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TS Manufactures |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Environmental Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Mohammad Ferry Firmansyah | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 22 Jul 2026 03:41 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2026 04:46 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/57025 |
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