Butarbutar, Andreas (2026) ANALISIS PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA (IPM), JUMLAH KENDARAAN BERMOTOR, DAN KEPADATAN PENDUDUK TERHADAP KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI INDONESIA. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran JawaTimur.
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Abstract
Environmental quality is one of the key indicators in achieving sustainable development. However, increasing economic activity, growth in the number of motor vehicles, and population expansion have the potential to exert pressure on the environment. This study aims to analyze the effects of economic growth, the Human Development Index (HDI), the number of motor vehicles, and population density on the Environmental Quality Index (EQI) in Indonesia. This study employs panel data from 34 provinces during the period of 2018–2022, obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK). The analytical method used is panel data regression with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM), selected based on the Chow test and Hausman test, and estimated using White Cross-Section Robust Standard Errors. The results indicate that economic growth has a negative and significant effect on the Environmental Quality Index (EQI), while the Human Development Index (HDI) has a positive and significant effect on EQI. The number of motor vehicles also has a positive and significant effect on EQI, whereas population density has a negative but statistically insignificant effect on EQI. The Adjusted R-squared value of 0.857910 indicates that the model is able to explain 85.79% of the variation in EQI. These findings suggest that improving the quality of human resources and optimizing the utilization of regional fiscal capacity can contribute to enhancing environmental quality. Meanwhile, economic growth should be directed toward more environmentally friendly practices to support sustainable development in Indonesia. Keywords: Environmental Quality Index, Economic Growth, Human Development Index, Number of Motor Vehicles, Population Density, Fixed Effect Model.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory H Social Sciences > HC Economics |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Economic and Business > Departement of Economics | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Andreas Butarbutar | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jul 2026 03:21 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 10 Jul 2026 03:57 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/54987 |
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