Kejahatan Lingkungan sebagai Bentuk Kejahatan Kerah Putih dalam Perspektif Kriminologi (Studi Kasus di Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia Jawa Timur)

Habiburrohim, Daffa (2026) Kejahatan Lingkungan sebagai Bentuk Kejahatan Kerah Putih dalam Perspektif Kriminologi (Studi Kasus di Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia Jawa Timur). Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa timur.

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Abstract

This study aims to analyse the concept of green-collar crime as a form of white-collar crime from a criminological perspective and to formulate the ius constituendum for its enforcement in Indonesia. This study employs a normative legal methodology using conceptual and legislative approaches, supported by a case study based on findings from Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia Jawa Timur (WALHI Jatim). The results of the study indicate that environmental crime in Indonesia, particularly that involving corporations and public officials, shares characteristics consistent with white-collar crime as articulated by Edwin H. Sutherland through his differential association theory. The patterns of green-collar crime identified include illegal mining, the criminalisation of environmental activists, and state negligence in spatial planning and licensing. These crimes are not driven solely by economic motives, but are the result of a process of social learning within a work environment that is permissive towards legal violations. From the perspective of positive law (ius constitutum), although various instruments exist—such as the Law on the Protection and Management of the Environment, the New Criminal Code, and the Mining Law—their implementation still faces normative and structural weaknesses, including inadequate protection for environmental activists and limitations in corporate criminal liability. Therefore, this study formulates ius constituendum in the form of strengthening Anti-SLAPP mechanisms within criminal procedure law, reformulating corporate criminal liability so that it is not limited to formal policies, and revising provisions in the Mining Law to prevent the criminalisation of public participation. Consequently, a criminological approach to white-collar crime is essential in designing an environmental law enforcement system that is not merely repressive, but also preventive and structural.

Item Type:

Thesis (Undergraduate)

Contributors: