Erlinda, Riska Melati (2026) SINTESIS PCC (Precipitated Calcium Carbonate) BERSTANDAR BAHAN BAKU KERTAS DARI TULANG AYAM. Undergraduate thesis, UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) is widely used as a filler in the paper industry to enhance brightness, smoothness, and paper strength. In Indonesia, PCC is mostly produced from natural limestone and remains largely dependent on imports. This study aims to synthesize paper-grade PCC using chicken bone waste as an alternative calcium source. PCC was synthesized using the precipitation method by dissolving chicken bones in hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form calcium chloride, followed by a reaction with sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃). The effects of Na₂CO₃ concentration (0.5–2.5 M) and precipitation time (10–50 minutes) on yield, CaCO₃ content, pH, and crystal structure were investigated. Product characterization was performed using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and pH analysis. The optimum condition was achieved at a Na₂CO₃ concentration of 2.5 M and a precipitation time of 40 minutes, producing PCC with a CaCO₃ content of 99.93%, pH 9–10, and a dominant calcite crystal structure, meeting the ISO 3262-2:1998 standard for paper-grade PCC.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Riska Melati Erlinda | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jan 2026 03:59 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 26 Jan 2026 04:57 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/49056 |
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