Analisis Variasi Air-Fuel Ratio (AFR) Terhadap Performa dan Emisi Gas Buang Mesin Diesel Menggunakan Bahan Bakar Crude Palm Oil dan B40

Maulana, Ivan (2025) Analisis Variasi Air-Fuel Ratio (AFR) Terhadap Performa dan Emisi Gas Buang Mesin Diesel Menggunakan Bahan Bakar Crude Palm Oil dan B40. Undergraduate thesis, UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur.

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Abstract

This study evaluates the effects of varying blower power and engine speed on the performance and component temperatures of a diesel engine fueled with B40 and off-grade crude palm oil (CPO). The experiments were conducted using a Kubota RD 65 DI-NB diesel engine under a constant electrical load of 4 kW at two engine speeds: 1200 and 2000 RPM. Prior to use, the off-grade CPO was preheated to 100°C to reduce its viscosity, while B40 was used without any special treatment. Air supply from the blower was varied from 0% to 100% to analyze its impact on the engine's thermal characteristics.Experimental results show that B40 provides better engine performance compared to CPO. At 1200 RPM, B40 resulted in increases of 5% in power, 4.7% in torque, and 26.5% in thermal efficiency. At 2000 RPM, the respective increases were 4.6% in power, 4.2% in torque, and 13.6% in thermal efficiency. On the other hand, the specific fuel consumption (SFC) of CPO was higher, with increases of 24% at 1200 RPM and 15% at 2000 RPM, due to its higher viscosity and density.In terms of temperature, the use of CPO led to higher engine component temperatures, caused by its sulfur content and free fatty acids (FFA), which tend to form deposits. These deposits obstruct fuel flow and increase internal friction, thereby intensifying heat buildup. Exhaust emissions from CPO combustion also showed significant increases, with CO and HC levels rising by 45.6% and 99.1% at 1200 RPM, and by 58.1% and 129.3% at 2000 RPM, respectively. Conversely, CO₂ emissions from CPO were lower, by 17.3% at 1200 RPM and 19.8% at 2000 RPM. Additionally, smoke opacity from CPO combustion was higher, recorded at 19% and 13.7% at 1200 and 2000 RPM respectively, indicating incomplete combustion due to high viscosity and sulfur content, which negatively affect the fuel oxidation process.

Item Type:

Thesis (Undergraduate)

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