Ahaddiyah, Nur Aini (2025) Remediasi Lahan Tercemar Logam Berat Dengan Menggunakan Biochar Dan Bacillus sp. Undergraduate thesis, UPN VETERAN JAWA TIMUR.
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Abstract
Soil contamination by heavy metals, particularly cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) is a serious global environmental issue. These heavy metals can accumulate in the food chain and negatively impact soil fertility, microbial activity, and nutrient availability for plants. The Lapindo mudflow area in Sidoarjo, East Java, serves as an example of heavy metal-contaminated land, with potentially harmful levels of Cd and Pb. Remediation is a crucial effort to mitigate this contamination. This study aims to: Assess the heavy metal content (Pb and Cd) in the area affected by the Lapindo mudflow, Investigate the effect of biochar and Bacillus sp. in reducing the availability of heavy metals in Pb and Cd contaminated soil, Determine the most effective remediator and the appropriate dosage to reduce the availability of heavy metals Pb and Cd. This research employed a Factorial Randomized Block Design with two treatment factors: biochar dosage (B0: no biochar, B1: 20 tons/ha, B2: 40 tons/ha) and Bacillus sp. inoculum concentration (C0: no bacteria, C1: 105 CFU, C2: 108 CFU). A total of 9 treatment combinations were replicated 3 times, resulting in 27 experimental units. Contaminated soil samples were collected from Besuki Village, Jabon District, Sidoarjo. Observed parameters included pH, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), organic carbon (C-organic), and the levels of Cd and Pb, which were analyzed weekly for four weeks of incubation. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by a Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test if significant differences were found. The application of biochar and Bacillus sp. significantly increased soil pH, CEC, and C-organic. The increase in pH was attributed to the alkaline nature of biochar and the activity of Bacillus sp. in organic matter decomposition. The increase in CEC and C-organic was also due to the addition of organic matter, which provides adsorption sites and microbial habitats. The combined treatment of 40 tons/ha biochar and 105 CFU Bacillus sp. (B2C1) showed the highest Cd removal efficiency, reaching 52% (reducing Cd levels from 2.59 ppm to 1.14 ppm). The B2C1 treatment was also the most effective in reducing Pb levels, achieving a removal efficiency of 25%. A strong negative correlation was observed between pH and C-organic with the levels of Cd and Pb. Higher pH and C-organic content resulted in lower heavy metal availability due to precipitation, complexation, and adsorption mechanisms. Heavy metal Cd in the Lapindo mudflow area has the potential to be a pollutant as it exceeds the critical threshold, while Pb does not. The use of biochar and Bacillus sp. effectively reduced heavy metal availability. The combination of 40 tons/ha biochar and 105 CFU Bacillus sp. was the most effective in remediating both Cd and Pb.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||||||
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Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biochar, Bacillus sp., Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Soil Remediation. | ||||||||||||
Subjects: | S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S590-599.9 Soils. Soil science | ||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Agriculture > Departement of Agritechnology | ||||||||||||
Depositing User: | Nur Aini Ahaddiyah | ||||||||||||
Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2025 07:50 | ||||||||||||
Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2025 07:50 | ||||||||||||
URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/40738 |
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