Novanto, Satria Agung (2025) Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Katalis CaO-BaO untuk Reaksi Transesterifikasi. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of CaO.BaO catalysts were carried out using blood cockle shells as raw materials for commercial CaO and BaO. This study aims to improve the efficiency of heterogeneous CaO catalysts through modification with the addition of BaO. BaO was chosen because it has high basicity properties, so it can accelerate the transesterification reaction of palm oil into methyl esters. CaO.BaO catalysts were synthesized from calcined blood cockle shells, reacted with HCl and BaCl2 with variations in the ratio of CaCl2:BaCl2, 1:0.2, 1:0.4, 1:0.6, 1:0.8 and 1:1, then precipitated with NaOH, dried and re-calcined before being characterized using XRD and SEM. The biodiesel production process involves two stages, namely esterification of palm oil using methanol and sulfuric acid to reduce FFA levels, followed by transesterification using CaO.BaO catalysts. The optimum molar ratio of CaCl2:BaCl2 is 1:1 and from the variation of catalyst weight of 0.5%w, 1%w, 1.5%w, 2%w and 2.5%w, the catalyst weight of 2.5%w is proven to provide the best results with a yield of 98%, density of 860 kg/m3, viscosity of 5.36 cSt, cetane number of 62.5, and FAME content reaching 99.47%, according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The use of excess catalyst does not significantly increase efficiency and can cause saponification and separation constraints. Therefore, the right catalyst formulation and processing are key in optimizing palm oil-based biodiesel production
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering |
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| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Satria Agung Novanto | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jun 2025 03:27 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 23 Jun 2025 03:27 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/38940 |
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