Indahyani, Novita (2024) Optimasi Waktu Distilasi dan Rasio Bahan Baku dengan Pelarut Aquadest pada Ekstraksi Daun Serai Dapur (Cymbopogon citratus). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Serai dapur (Cymbopogon citratus) is a plant that can be utilized as a raw material for essential oil production, known for its distinct aroma. The essential oil derived from serai dapur has a strong lemon fragrance due to its high content of citral, which is why it is commonly referred to as lemongrass oil. Essential oils are compounds obtained from various parts of plants, including the roots, bark, stems, leaves, seeds, and flowers, and are typically in liquid form. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of distillation time and the ratio of material to solvent on the yield, density, refractive index, solubility in alcohol, chemical compound content, as well as the color and aroma of the lemongrass leaf essential oil. Additionally, the study seeks to determine the mathematical model and optimal conditions for the process using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) through the Design Expert 13 software. This study requires several tools, including an ultrasonic device, a distillation apparatus, and an oil separator. The steps in the research involve preparing 300 grams of dried lemongrass leaves, followed by adding a solvent (aquadest) according to the specified variables. Next, a pretreatment is carried out using the ultrasonic device for 10 minutes at a temperature of 40°C. Subsequently, the distillation apparatus is assembled, ensuring that the cooling water in the condenser flows steadily. The next step involves performing the extraction process using the distillation method according to the specified time variables. Following this, the essential oil obtained is analyzed. After determining the yield value, the optimization process is conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Design Expert 13 software. The optimal point is achieved with a combination of the material-to-solvent ratio (1:19.997) (g:ml) and a distillation time of 131.941 minutes, resulting in a yield of 1.245% and a desirability value of 1.000 under the quadratic model. The lemongrass leaf essential oil obtained is then tested for its characteristics according to the specified parameters, and the results meet the quality standards of SNI 06-3953-1995.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Novita Indahyani | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 13 Dec 2024 06:36 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 13 Dec 2024 06:36 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/32879 |
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