Firmaniya, Qanitah Nibras (2026) Sintesis Material Biodegradable Untuk Sedotan Dari Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) Dan Pati Beras. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Biodegradable straws are an environmentally friendly alternative material aimed at reducing the use of conventional plastics that are difficult to degrade. This study utilized rice flour, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), chitosan, and nanosilica as the main materials, with the addition of glycerol and sorbitol as plasticizers. The rice flour ratios used were 1:3, 1.5:2.5, 2:2, 2.5:1.5, and 3:1, with plasticizer addition levels of 1.5 mL, 2 mL, and 3 mL. The biodegradable straw production process consisted of solution preparation, stirring, molding, oven drying, and conditioning to obtain the final biodegradable straw product. The tests conducted included tensile strength, elongation, water resistance, degradation, FTIR, TGA-DSC, and SEM-EDX analyses. The results showed that the tensile strength values ranged from 0.59–3.82 MPa, with most samples meeting the minimum SNI 7818:2014 standard (≥1 MPa). The elongation values ranged from 12%–89%. The water resistance test showed a water resistance range of 25%–74%, with glycerol-containing formulations generally exhibiting slightly higher values than those containing sorbitol. The biodegradation test results indicated that all samples had good biodegradability, with degradation values reaching 100% for both glycerol and sorbitol formulations. FTIR analysis indicated no formation of new functional groups in all formulations, but only changes in intermolecular interactions through hydrogen bonding. TGA-DSC analysis showed an initial mass loss at 30–100°C due to water release, while the main thermal degradation occurred at 200–320°C due to polymer structure decomposition. SEM-EDX analysis showed that the biodegradable straws had a compact surface morphology without cracks, with a more uniform particle distribution observed in the sorbitol formulation. The optimum formulation was obtained using 2 mL glycerol with a rice flour ratio of 3:1 and 1.5 mL sorbitol with a rice flour ratio of 3:1. Both formulations exhibited 74% water resistance and 100% biodegradability, while also meeting the minimum tensile strength standard of 0.3 MPa.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Qanitah nibras firmaniya | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 01 Sep 2026 04:46 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 01 Sep 2026 05:33 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/59290 |
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