ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PENIPUAN DALAM KASUS WANPRESTASI (Studi Perbandingan Antara Putusan PN Semarang No 363/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Smg. dan Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Bandung Nomor 351/PID/2021/PT BDG)

Rahman, Ghazy Giovani (2026) ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PENIPUAN DALAM KASUS WANPRESTASI (Studi Perbandingan Antara Putusan PN Semarang No 363/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Smg. dan Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Bandung Nomor 351/PID/2021/PT BDG). Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.

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Abstract

This research examines the disharmony in the terms of civil and criminal law in cases arising from contractual relationships, particularly in distinguishing breach of contract (wanprestasi) from the crime of fraud. In judicial practice, failure to perform contractual obligations is often brought into the criminal domain under the allegation of fraud, even though the legal relationship between the parties originates from a valid agreement. This situation creates legal uncertainty and increases the risk of criminalizing civil disputes. Judgemental reasoning in civil and criminal court judgements with comparable factual backgrounds will be compared, and the features of fraud and breach of contract within contractual relationships will be examined. A normative legal research methodology using statute, case, and conceptual methods is used in the study. All of the legal materials undergo descriptive and qualitative analysis from primary, secondary, and tertiary sources. Judgement of the Bandung High Court Number 351/PID/2021/PT BDG and Decision of the Semarang District Court Number 363/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Smg both exhibit inconsistent judicial practices, according to the results. In the civil decision, acts containing indications of fraud were classified as breach of contract, whereas in the criminal decision, the failure to perform contractual obligations was directly treated as a criminal offense without a thorough examination of fraudulent intent from the outset. This research concludes that the distinction between breach of contract and fraud must be based on the existence of fraudulent intent and misleading conduct from the inception of the contractual relationship, in order to provide legal clarity and maintain criminal law as the last resort.

Item Type:

Thesis (Undergraduate)

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