RUJIANTO, ANDI AZRIAL AKBAR (2026) ANALISIS PENGARUH ARUS DAN ELEKTRODA TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN SIFAT MEKANIK HASIL PENGELASAN PADA BAJA SS400. Undergraduate thesis, UPN "VETERAN" JAWA TIMUR.
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Abstract
SS400 steel is a low-carbon construction material widely used in structural applications, but the quality of its welded joints is highly dependent on the precision of heat input control during the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process to mitigate the risk of microstructural defects and thermal distortion that can reduce mechanical properties. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the effect of welding current variations and electrode classification on the evolution of microstructure and hardness values of SS400 steel welded joints. The experimental method was strictly applied to 10 mm thick specimens with a 1G welding position, using current variations of 100 A, 110 A, and 120 A and three types of AWS standard electrodes, namely E6013, E7016, and E7018. Mechanical evaluation was performed through Brinelll hardness testing based on the ASTM E10 standard and metallographic analysis to observe phase transformations. The results showed a significant positive correlation between increased current and material hardness, where 120 A current was found to slow down the cooling rate, facilitating more complete diffusion of alloying elements. Specifically, the combination of a 120 A current with a Low Hydrogen electrode (E7018) produced an optimal hardness value of 192.25 HBN, which was far superior to the E6013 and E7016 types. This is supported by microstructure analysis showing a dominant perlit phase of 52.01% with fine, dense, and homogeneous grain morphology. These findings indicate that the use of E7018 electrodes at high currents can produce weld pools with good fluidity and minimal inclusions, making this parameter highly recommended for structural applications that prioritize high mechanical strength and reliable joint integrity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Mechanical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | ANDI AZRIAL AKBAR RUJIANTO | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 27 Feb 2026 08:06 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 27 Feb 2026 08:39 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/49967 |
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