Primadhani, Latifa Chusnul (2026) Pengaruh Kecepatan Pengadukan dan Derajat Keasaman (pH) Terhadap Sintesis Pupuk Kalsium Nitrat Dari Limbah Cangkang Telur Ayam dengan Metode Presipitasi. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Eggshell waste is a calcium-rich biomaterial with significant potential as a raw material for fertilizer production. In general, eggshells consist of approximately 94–97% calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and contain other components, such as magnesium, phosphorus, trace amounts of metals, and an organic protein matrix. This high calcium content makes eggshells a promising source of calcium for calcium nitrate synthesis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of stirring speed and pH on the synthesis of calcium nitrate from chicken eggshells using the precipitation method. The process involved dissolving eggshells in nitric acid (HNO₃), followed by precipitation using ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH) at stirring speeds ranging from 200 to 400 rpm and pH values ranging from 5 to 9. The resulting products were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and the yield was calculated. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that the eggshells contained 98.72% calcium. The optimum conditions were obtained at pH 7 and a stirring speed of 400 rpm, yielding a product with a calcium content of 29.47% and a nitrogen content of 16.93%, which met the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 02-2806-1992). Based on particle size measurements, the particle diameter increased with increasing pH, measuring 5.42 µm at pH 6, 5.98 µm at pH 7, and 7.77 µm at pH 8. At lower pH values, crystal growth tended to be inhibited, resulting in smaller particles. Conversely, at higher pH values, the precipitation rate increased, making crystal growth more dominant and producing larger particles that tended to agglomerate. Overall, the findings demonstrate that eggshell waste can be effectively utilized as an alternative raw material for calcium nitrate fertilizer production.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Latifa Chusnul Primadhani | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 13 Oct 2026 03:22 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 13 Oct 2026 07:45 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/60568 |
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