Vhauzan, Adham (2026) Fe3O4@SiO2@APTES MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITE FOR CADMIUM ULTRASONIC-ASSISTED ADSORPTION: ISOTHERM AND MASS-TRANSFER KINETICS MODEL FITTING. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Severe risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health is commonly related to discharges of toxic and non-degradable heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) into water bodies, highlighting the importance of proper wastewater treatment methods. This study explores the synthesis, characterization, and ultrasonic-assisted adsorption performance of a Fe3O4@SiO2@APTES magnetic nanoparticle composite for Cd removal. SiO2 surface coating with TEOS followed by APTES functionalization is applied to industrial grade Fe3O4 particles, and characterized using FTIR, SEM-EDX, and XRF. Adsorption experiments were conducted in batch, utilizing an ultrasonic probe to evaluate the effects of initial Cd concentration (30, 40, 50, 60, 70 mg/L) and sonication time (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 minutes). Experimental data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, as well as pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) mass-transfer kinetics models. Characterization results confirms the successful grafting of SiO2 and amine (-NH2) functional groups onto the magnetic core, though an imperfect outer coating was noted. The Freundlich linear isotherm model noted better fit (R² = 0,815 compared to R² = 0,332) in a two model comparison, and PSO (R² = 0,911) provided a superior fit over the PFO model (R² = 0,308) in the mass-transfer rate model evaluation. This signifies a multilayered adsorption occurring due to imperfect surface grafting, with chemisorption being the rate-limiting step. Highest adsorption results were seen with an initial Cd concentration of 50 mg/L (71.09% maximum removal efficiency in 6 minutes sonication time), and 6 minutes sonication time. This study successfully establishes the foundational mass-transfer kinetics and isotherm parameters, providing a valuable pathway for the future optimization of magnetic nanocomposites in sustainable wastewater treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering | ||||||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Environmental Engineering | ||||||||||||
| Depositing User: | Adham Vhauzan | ||||||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 01 Sep 2026 05:03 | ||||||||||||
| Last Modified: | 01 Sep 2026 07:29 | ||||||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/59514 |
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