Susanto, Nadifa Fairuz Cantika Zafarina (2026) Analisis Risiko Ekologis Sebaran Logam Berat (Pb dan Cd) Menggunakan Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) pada Kali Surabaya. Undergraduate thesis, UPN "VETERAN" JAWA TIMUR.
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Abstract
Activities along the Surabaya River have the potential to generate waste containing heavy metals. This study aimed to analyze Pb and Cd concentrations, determine relationships between parameters using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and assess the ecological risk level of heavy metals using the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI). Sampling was conducted at five observation points along the Surabaya River. The parameters analyzed included Pb, Cd, pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). Heavy metal analysis was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that Pb concentrations at the observation points were higher than Cd concentrations, and most measurements exceeded the Class 1 quality standards set by Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021. PCA results revealed strong positive correlations between temperature and both Pb and Cd, as well as between pH and DO, whereas TSS showed a negative correlation with several other parameters. Ecological risk assessment utilized two reference values for Pb and Cd. PERI results based on background concentrations from the upstream Brantas River indicated a "very high" risk category, whereas PERI results based on quality standards indicated a "very low" risk category; this discrepancy stems from the different reference values used in the calculations. Despite the differing risk categories between the two approaches, the condition of the Surabaya River requires periodic monitoring to anticipate any increase in heavy metals that could exacerbate ecological risks in the water. Keywords: Cd, Pb, Potential Ecological Risk Index, Principal Component Analysis, Surabaya River,
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Environmental Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | NADIFA FAIRUZ NADIFA FAIRUZ | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 31 Aug 2026 07:53 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 31 Aug 2026 07:53 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/59432 |
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