OPTIMIZATION OF CONCENTRATE FEED RATIONS FOR LACTATING DAIRY COWS USING THE WHALE OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM

Maretha, Anneke Shavira (2026) OPTIMIZATION OF CONCENTRATE FEED RATIONS FOR LACTATING DAIRY COWS USING THE WHALE OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.

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Abstract

Feed is the most crucial component in dairy cattle farming, where feed costs can account for more than 60% of total production costs. Formulating a concentrate feed ration that can optimally meet nutritional needs in a cost-effective manner is a major challenge for dairy farmers. This study aims to implement the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) to optimize the composition of concentrate feed for lactating dairy cows based on SNI 3148-1:2024 quality grade 2, in accordance with the recommendations of the Batu Livestock Technical Implementation Unit (UPT), Malang. The data used consisted of the nutritional content of feed ingredients, including dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), crude fiber (CF), ash, BETN, and TDN, along with the price of each ingredient. The objective function used was feed cost minimization with a quadratic penalty function approach to address the SNI nutritional constraints. Tests were conducted on several WOA parameters, including the number of whales, the number of iterations, the spiral parameter value (b), and the number of feed ingredients. The test results showed that the optimal parameter combination was obtained with 30 whales, 200 iterations, a spiral parameter value of b = 1, and 8 types of feed ingredients, resulting in the best fitness value of 6.557 with a ration cost of Rp6,426/kg. WOA was able to achieve 100% SNI reference validity and provided a wider variety of valid ration formulas compared to the Simulated Annealing method, which only achieved 80% validity. Although Linear Programming resulted in lower production costs, WOA has an advantage in solution exploration, enabling it to provide several valid ration alternatives. This study demonstrates that WOA is an effective and efficient method for addressing the optimization problem of concentrate feed rations for lactating dairy cows.

Item Type:

Thesis (Undergraduate)

Contributors:

Contribution	Contributors	NIDN/NIDK	Email
Thesis advisor	Rahmat, Basuki Rahmat	NIDN196907232021211002	basukirahmat.if@upnjatim.ac.id
Thesis advisor	Mandyartha, Eka Prakarsa Mandyartha	NIDN198805252018031001	eka_prakarsa.fik@upnjatim.ac.id

Subjects:

Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA76.6 Computer Programming

Divisions:

Faculty of Computer Science > Departemen of Informatics

Depositing User:

Anneke Shavira Maretha

Date Deposited:

24 Jul 2026 07:14

Last Modified:

24 Jul 2026 08:23

URI:

https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/57909