MAKHMUDI, NUR (2026) PEMBUATAN GULA REDUKSI DARI KULIT DURIAN MELALUI OPTIMASI RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY PADA PROSES HIDROLISIS. Undergraduate thesis, UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL "VETERAN" JAWA TIMUR.
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Abstract
This study aims to optimize the production of reducing sugar from durian peel waste through an acid hydrolysis process using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Durian peel, which is a plantation waste product, contains high levels of cellulose (±60.45%) and thus has the potential to be used as a raw material for reducing sugar. However, the presence of lignin in the lignocellulosic structure hinders the conversion of cellulose into simple sugars, making a pretreatment step necessary. Pretreatment was performed using the Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) method with a combination of NaOH and H₂O₂ at a pH of 11–12 and a temperature of 70°C for 3 hours. The results of the analysis showed that this process effectively reduced the lignin content significantly and increased the cellulose content to ±75.05%, making the biomass structure more open and easier to hydrolyze. The hydrolysis stage was carried out using an H₂SO₄ catalyst at 90°C with varying concentrations of 1.5–3.5 N and times of 15–75 minutes. The reducing sugar content was analyzed using the DNS method. The results showed that increasing the acid concentration and hydrolysis time increased the reducing sugar yield up to the optimum conditions. The highest yield was obtained at a concentration of 3.5 N and a time of 75 minutes, amounting to 4.22%; however, RSM analysis indicated that the optimum conditions were in the range of 3 N and 55–60 minutes to prevent sugar degradation. The optimization model based on The Central Composite Design (CCD) yielded a significant quadratic model with an R² value of 0.9972, indicating an excellent fit of the model to the experimental data. This study demonstrates that durian peel waste has the potential to be developed as a source of value-added biomass through the optimal and sustainable production of reducing sugars. Keywords: Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP); Delignification; Reducing sugars; Acid hydrolysis; Durian peel; Response Surface Methodology (RSM); Yield.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Mr Mudi Timur | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2026 07:33 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2026 08:37 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/57618 |
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