Agnetta, Rr. Alvara Dahayunanda (2026) Pengaruh Penambahan Kolagen pada Hidroksiapatit (HaP) dengan Metode Sol-Gel sebagai Bahan Baku Implan Tulang. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a biomaterial widely used as a bone implant material due to its compositional similarity to the mineral component of bone. However, the relatively brittle nature of hydroxyapatite requires the addition of organic materials such as collagen to improve mechanical properties and better resemble the structure of natural bone. This study examined the synthesis of hydroxyapatite–collagen using the sol-gel method to evaluate the effect of collagen mass variation and sintering time on the characteristics of the resulting material. The synthesis process used CaO as the calcium source and H₃PO₄ as the phosphate source, with collagen mass variations of 0.5–2.5 grams and sintering times of 4–6 hours at a temperature of 1100°C. Characterization results using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) showed that the Ca/P ratio of hydroxyapatite ranged from 1.54 to 1.67, with optimum conditions achieved at a collagen addition of 1 gram and a sintering time of 6 hours, producing a Ca/P ratio of 1.6702, close to the stoichiometric value of hydroxyapatite (1.67). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed characteristic functional groups of hydroxyapatite, namely phosphate groups (PO₄³⁻) at wavenumbers around 560–600 cm⁻¹ and 1000–1100 cm⁻¹, as well as hydroxyl groups (OH⁻) at approximately 3570 cm⁻¹. In addition, amide groups from collagen were also detected, indicating the successful formation of the hydroxyapatite–collagen composite. Morphological analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) showed an average particle size of approximately 0.59 μm with a porosity of about 37%, forming agglomerates with a heterogeneous size distribution. Keywords: hydroxyapatite, collagen, sol-gel
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Ms. Rr. Alvara Dahayunanda Agnetta | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2026 03:02 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2026 03:35 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/57502 |
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