Zulianti, Mei Fifa (2025) Menentukan Kondisi Terbaik Removal Ion Ca2+ dan Mg2+ Dari Air Laut Menggunakan Natrium Karbonat (Na2CO3). Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Seawater contains many metal ions, especially calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions, which cause problems in various industries, such as scale formation on industrial equipment and drinking water treatment. This study aims to determine the best conditions for removing Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions using Na₂CO₃ as a calcium and magnesium binding agent and the addition of NH4OH as a second-stage magnesium binding agent. The removal process is carried out through a precipitation reaction with variations in Na₂CO₃ concentration, namely 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 M, and operating temperatures of 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 °C. The stirring time is set for 5 minutes, followed by precipitation for 1 hour. The concentration of NH4OH is set at 6.49 M based on stoichiometric calculations. The levels of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions before and after treatment were analyzed using the complexometric titration method and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The results showed that the increase in Na₂CO₃ concentration and operating temperature were directly proportional to the percentage removal of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions. Statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA also revealed a p-value <0.05. The best conditions were obtained by adding sodium carbonate at a concentration of 0.5 M and a temperature of 90 °C, with the percentage removal of Ca²⁺ ions reaching 97.85% and Mg²⁺ ions of 96.91%. The results of the ion removal did not meet the SNI standard, because the levels of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions were obtained at 180.351 mg/L and 182.288 mg/L, while the SNI standard for drinking water is Ca2+ levels of 10 mg/L and Mg2+ levels of 150 mg/L. This research supports the development of more efficient seawater pretreatment by reducing Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ion levels in the drinking water industry.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Mei Mei Fifa | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 02:32 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 02:32 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/57480 |
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