Dian, Putri Artanti (2026) Pengaruh Suhu Reaksi dan Waktu Aging terhadap Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Berbahan Cangkang Kerang Simping Menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
The synthesis of hydroxyapatite from natural materials has emerged as an alternative approach to meeting the demand for biomaterials while utilizing economically valuable waste. One promising waste material is the shell of the windowpane oyster (Placuna placenta), which contains a high concentration of calcium. This study aimed to investigate the effects of reaction temperature and aging time on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite using the sol-gel method. The synthesis process employed Placuna placenta shells as the calcium source and phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) as the phosphate source. The reaction temperatures were varied at 45°C, 60°C, 75°C, 90°C, and 105°C, while the aging times were set at 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 hours. The synthesis was carried out at pH 11 under continuous stirring using a magnetic stirrer, followed by aging, drying, and sintering at 900°C for 2 hours. The synthesized hydroxyapatite was characterized using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated that both reaction temperature and aging time influenced the Ca/P ratio and the characteristics of the synthesized hydroxyapatite. The optimum condition was achieved at a reaction temperature of 75°C and an aging time of 36 hours, producing a Ca/P ratio of 1.6689, which complies with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI ISO 13779-6:2015). Characterization results revealed a crystallinity of 97% with an average crystal size of 51.1 nm, while SEM analysis showed semi-spherical to oval particle morphology with noticeable agglomeration. These findings indicate that Placuna placenta shell waste has significant potential as a raw material for hydroxyapatite synthesis through the sol-gel method.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Dian Putri Artanti | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2026 04:12 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2026 04:26 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/57233 |
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- Pengaruh Suhu Reaksi dan Waktu Aging terhadap Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Berbahan Cangkang Kerang Simping Menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel. (deposited 23 Jul 2026 04:12) [Currently Displayed]
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