Perbandingan Kinerja Reaktor Adsorpsi Fixed-Bed dan Fluidized-Bed Dalam Reduksi Krom Total Pada Limbah Batik Menggunakan Bioadsorben dan Zeolit

Rizqy, Winda Nurmalia (2026) Perbandingan Kinerja Reaktor Adsorpsi Fixed-Bed dan Fluidized-Bed Dalam Reduksi Krom Total Pada Limbah Batik Menggunakan Bioadsorben dan Zeolit. Undergraduate thesis, UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur.

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Abstract

The batik industry produces liquid waste containing the heavy metal chromium (Cr), which has the potential to pollute the environment. Adsorption using bioadsorbents and zeolite is an effective and economical method for reducing total chromium levels. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of total chromium adsorption in batik wastewater using fixed-bed and fluidized-bed reactors, the adsorption capacity based on the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models, and changes in adsorbent morphology before and after adsorption. The study was conducted continuously at the laboratory scale with variations in reactor type, adsorbent type, and sampling time, using adsorbents activated with 3 M H₃PO₄ at a ratio of 1:3. The results showed that the fluidized-bed reactor provided optimum efficiency for coconut shell and corn cob adsorbents at 83% and 81%, respectively, while the fixed-bed reactor achieved the highest efficiency for zeolite at 88%. The Thomas model indicated the highest adsorption capacity for coconut shell at 0.169 mg/g, whereas the Yoon–Nelson model showed the longest breakthrough time for zeolite at 544 minutes. SEM analysis revealed changes in the surface morphology of zeolite, becoming denser with a more closed surface after adsorption. Overall, the efficiency of total chromium removal depends on the reactor type, adsorbent, and sampling time. Keywords: Batik Wastewater, Adsorption, Bioadsorbent, Total Chromium, Fixed-Bed, Fluidized-Bed, Coconut Shell, Corn Cob, Zeolite.

Item Type:

Thesis (Undergraduate)

Contributors:

Contribution	Contributors	NIDN/NIDK	Email
Thesis advisor	Putro, Raden Kokoh Haryo	NIDN0005099002	radenkokoh.tl@upnjatim.ac.id
Thesis advisor	Sitogasa, Praditya Sigit Ardisty	NIDN0001109008	praditya.s.tl@upnjatim.ac.id

Subjects:

T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering

Divisions:

Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Environmental Engineering

Depositing User:

Winda Nurmalia Rizqy

Date Deposited:

24 Feb 2026 05:51

Last Modified:

24 Feb 2026 06:50

URI:

https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/49676