Bagus Setiawan, Riyanda (2026) SINTESIS HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI TULANG AYAM DENGAN METODE SUHU TINGGI. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
This study aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) from chicken bone waste through high temperature combustion method as an effort to utilize waste as well as develop biomedical materials. Chicken bone was chosen because of its calcium and phosphate content which has the potential as raw material for hydroxyapatite. The synthesis process was carried out with variations in temperature and sintering time to determine the effect on yield, purity, crystal structure, elemental composition, and morphology of the resulting HAp. The results showed that increasing the sintering temperature and duration caused a decrease in yield due to water evaporation and degradation of residual organic compounds, but on the other hand increased the purity and crystallinity of hydroxyapatite up to the optimum temperature of 600°C. FTIR and XRD analysis confirmed that at 600°C a purer and more stable hydroxyapatite phase was formed, characterized by the disappearance of carbonate groups and an increase in crystalline peaks typical of HAp. At 700°C, re-carbonation occurred and a secondary phase of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) appeared, indicating a decrease in the stability of HAp. XRF analysis showed a significant increase in Ca and P content after sintering, with the Ca/P ratio approaching the theoretical value of hydroxyapatite. Meanwhile, SEM results showed that an increase in sintering temperature led to grain growth and a more compact structure, although at higher temperatures there is the potential to decrease chemiluminescence due to re-carbonation. Overall, a sintering temperature of 600°C is the optimum condition to produce hydroxyapatite from chicken bone with good purity, crystallinity, and stability, so it has the potential to be applied as a biomedical material and become a sustainable solution in the utilization of chicken bone waste.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Riyanda Bagus Setiawan | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jan 2026 05:01 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 26 Jan 2026 06:34 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/49020 |
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