Fatkhurin, Elma (2025) OPTIMASI PROSES ESTERIFIKASI CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) DENGAN KATALIS ZEOLIT ALAM MENGGUNAKAN METODE RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Indonesia has significant potential for biodiesel production as it is the world’s second-largest producer of CPO. However, the FFA content in CPO must be reduced to below 3% through an esterification process, which can be accelerated using a heterogeneous catalyst such as activated natural zeolite. In this study, the zeolite was activated using a 0.4 M NaOH solution and subsequently applied in the esterification of CPO and methanol (molar ratio 1:6) with catalyst size variations of 20–100 mesh and esterification times of 90–170 minutes. After the reaction, the mixture was centrifuged, and the filtrate was analyzed to determine its FFA content, followed by optimization using RSM. Optimization based on 25 data points yielded optimal conditions at 170 minutes and a zeolite size of 100 mesh (FFA 4.741%), while optimization based on 13 data points resulted in optimal conditions at 97.39 mesh and 170 minutes (FFA 4.989%). GC-MS analysis identified Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate as the dominant ester compound, whereas SEM analysis showed an increase in zeolite pore size from 0.2341–0.3143 μm to 0.6322–4.4493 μm after activation.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | ELMA FATKHURIN | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 03 Dec 2025 08:28 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 03 Dec 2025 08:49 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/47557 |
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