Anggraeni, Chaterine Oktavia (2025) SINTESIS HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI KALSIUM NITRAT TETRAHIDRAT (Ca(NO3)2.4H2O) DAN DIAMONIUM HIDROGEN FOSFAT ((NH4)2HPO4) DENGAN METODE PRESIPITASI. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
This research aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH₄)₂HPO₄) through the precipitation method, and to study the effects of pH and sintering temperature on the characteristics of the resulting product. The synthesized samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry to determine their phase composition, Ca/P molar ratio, and yield. The XRD results showed that the main phase formed was hydroxyapatite (JCPDS No. 009-0432) with dominant diffraction peaks at 2θ = 31.74° [211], 25.87° [002], 32.99° [112], and 34.15° [300]. The sample synthesized at pH 11 and sintering temperature of 800°C produced the highest HAp content of 74.8%, with 25.2% ammonium nitrate as a by-product. Increasing the sintering temperature reduced the HAp yield and Ca/P molar ratio due to partial decomposition of the compound at high temperatures. Meanwhile, lower pH conditions (pH < 11) led to a decreased Ca/P ratio and the formation of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CdHA). Overall, pH and sintering temperature significantly affect the purity, morphology, and stoichiometry of synthesized hydroxyapatite. Further studies are recommended to investigate higher sintering temperatures and evaluate the suitability of the product for biomedical applications, particularly bone implant materials. Keywords: Hydroxyapatite, Precipitation method, pH variation, Sintering temperature, Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, Diammonium hydrogen phosphate
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155 Chemical engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Chaterine Oktavia Anggraeni | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 03 Nov 2025 07:16 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 03 Nov 2025 07:16 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/46048 |
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