Berliana, Putri Dwi (2025) Pemisahan Ion Ca2+, Mg2+ dan SO42- dalam Larutan Bittern dengan Menggunakan Membran Nanofiltrasi. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Salt production produces bittern as a by-product that contains valuable minerals, including NaCl. The NaCl content in the bittern obtained from PT Garam Dua Musim Lamongan reaches 456,620 ppm, thus suitable for recovery. However, impurities such as Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and SO₄²⁻ limit its direct utilisation. The lack of utilisation of bittern causes the potential of the minerals contained in it to not be optimally utilised. Bittern, as liquid waste, if discharged directly into the sea without processing, can cause hyper salinity, disrupt marine life, and change the ion composition of seawater. To reduce the liquid waste produced and increase the economic value of bittern, a purification technique using a nanofiltration membrane can be applied. The nanofiltration membrane can separate bittern from dissolved solids, bacteria, viruses, and multivalent ions such as Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and SO₄²⁻. This study processed bittern using a nanofiltration membrane with a pore size of 0.001 μm to increase the purity of the salt. This method uses two varied operating conditions: the pressure of the nanofiltration of 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 atm, and contact time of 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 minutes. The results showed that at a pressure of 8 atm and an operating time of 120 minutes, the %ion rejection reached 71.77% with a salt mass fraction of 84.35%. This value is still below the SNI 4435:2017 standard K3 grade, which is 85%, so further optimisation is needed to improve its quality.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | PUTRI DWI BERLIANA | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 16 Sep 2025 02:11 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 16 Sep 2025 02:11 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/43416 |
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