Putri, Marsanda Amelia (2025) Optimasi Dosis, pH, dan Waktu Pengendapan Dalam Penyisihan TSS dan COD Pada Air Limbah Kantin Menggunakan Biokoagulan Kulit Jeruk Dengan Box-Behnken Design. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Pembangunan Negara "Veteran" Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Canteen wastewater contains complex organic matter, oils, fats, as well as high levels of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), thus requiring efficient and environmentally friendly preliminary treatment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a bio-coagulant derived from orange peel waste, both extracted and non-extracted, in reducing TSS and COD concentrations, as well as to optimize the process parameters using the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) within the framework of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The initial treatment stage involved pre-treatment using a grease trap to remove oils and fats. The bio-coagulant was prepared through two methods: directly drying and grinding the orange peels, and extracting them using HCl solution to obtain active compounds such as pectin. The process variables varied in this study included dosage (1–3 g/L), pH (3–7), and settling time (30–60 minutes). Optimization results showed that the optimum condition for the extracted bio-coagulant occurred at a dosage of 2 g/L, pH 3, and a settling time of 49 minutes, with TSS and COD removal efficiencies of 47.38% and 38.94%, respectively. For the non-extracted bio coagulant, the optimum condition was found at a dosage of 2.17 g/L, pH 3, and a settling time of 49 minutes, with TSS and COD removal efficiencies of 31.47% and 29.17%, respectively. Although the graph showed increasing removal efficiencies up to 60 minutes, changes after the 45th minute were statistically insignificant, thus the optimal settling time was determined to be in the range of 45–50 minutes. Moreover, the Polydispersity Index (PI) value of 0.013 for the extracted bio coagulant indicated stable floc size, which contributed to the higher removal efficiency. This study demonstrates that orange peel waste has significant potential as an effective natural bio-coagulant for domestic wastewater treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Environmental Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Marsanda Amelia Putri | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jul 2025 04:33 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2025 04:33 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/40035 |
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