Amri, Aisy Aulia (2024) Pra Rencana Pabrik Kalsium Klorida Dihidrat dari Batu Kapur dan Asam Klorida dengan Proses Hidroklorinasi Kapasitas 60.000 ton/tahun. Undergraduate thesis, UPN Veteran Jawa Timur.
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Abstract
Calcium chloride dihydrate plant from limestone and hydrochloric acid with a hydrochlorination process with a capacity of 60,000 tons/year, is planned to be established in the Tuban Industrial Area (KIT), Tuban Regency, East Java. Calcium chloride dihydrate is used as an alkali reducer in the cement industry. In addition, calcium chloride dihydrate can also be used as a drying agent and to increase paper strength in the paper and pulp industry, as a preservative for canned vegetables in the food industry, and as a remover of dissolved substances in hydrocarbons in the petrochemical industry. In this Pre-Factory Plan, the factory is planned to be operated for 330 days a year, and 24 hours a day. The process of making calcium chloride dihydrate is briefly carried out by feeding limestone raw materials to the jaw crusher to be crushed and ground in a ball mill to 100 mesh. From the ball mill, it is then fed to the hopper. Limestone is then fed to the reactor together with a 32% HCl solution, becoming calcium chloride by releasing CO2 gas. The reaction takes place at a temperature of 40oC with a pressure of 1 atm. The upper output of the reactor in the form of CO2 gas is compressed using a compressor to a pressure of 50 atm at a temperature of -25oC and then fed to a CO2 liquid storage tank to be stored and sold as a by-product. While the lower output of the reactor is slurry containing CaCl2, H2O, and the remaining CaCO3 is fed to a rotary drum vacuum filter to separate the calcium chloride filtrate (CaCl2) from the calcium carbonate cake (CaCO3). The calcium chloride filtrate is then concentrated in the evaporator. The H2O gas that evaporates upwards is condensed in the barometric condenser and collected in the hot well. The saturated calcium chloride solution is then crystallized in the crystallizer. The calcium chloride dihydrate crystals (CaCl2.2H2O) and mother liquor are recycled back to the crystallizer, while the wet crystals are flowed with a screw conveyor to be dried in a rotary dryer with the help of hot air in a countercurrent manner. The hot air comes from the free air blower which is heated in the heater to be distributed to the rotary dryer. The upper output of the rotary dryer in the form of hot air and entrained solids are separated using a cyclone, where the hot air is discharged into the air while the entrained solids are fed with the bottom product of the rotary dryer to the cooling screw conveyor. The crystals are cooled in a cooling screw conveyor to a temperature of 32oC and then ground with a ball mill to 20 mesh. Furthermore, it is carried with a scre conveyor and bucket elevator to a storage silo as the final product of calcium chloride dihydrate crystals (CaCl2.2H2O). The final product is then packed using a 25 kg sack for marketing. The provisions for the establishment of the planned calcium chloride dihydrate factory can be concluded as follows: • Capacity: 60,000 tons/year • Company form: Limited Liability Company • Organizational system: Line and Staff • Factory location: Tuban Industrial Area • Land area: 66,780 m2 • Operating system: Continuous • Operating time: 330 days • Number of employees: 185 employees Economic analysis: • Construction period: 3 years • Equipment life: 10 years • Fixed Capital Investment (FCI): Rp. 521,980,018,375 • Working Capital Investment (WCI): Rp. 358,067,489,112 • Total Capital Investment (TCI): Rp. 880,047,507,486.730 • Raw material costs (per year): Rp. 629,779,608,643.23 • Utility costs (per year): Rp. 38,927,937,831.889 • Production costs (TPC): Rp. 1,432,269,956,448 • Sales results: Rp. 2,041,133,496,533.56 • Bank loan interest: 7.8% • Rate on Investment (before tax): 37% • Rate on Investment (after tax): 33% • Pay back Period (PBP): 3 Years 6 Months • Internal Rate of Return (IRR): 26% • Break Even Point (BEP): 36%
| Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||||
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| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry | ||||||||
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering > Departement of Chemical Engineering | ||||||||
| Depositing User: | Aisy Aulia Amri | ||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 12 Nov 2024 02:40 | ||||||||
| Last Modified: | 12 Nov 2024 02:40 | ||||||||
| URI: | https://repository.upnjatim.ac.id/id/eprint/31978 |
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