Sukendah, Sukendah and Ragapadmi, Purnamaningsih and Yonny, Kuntjoro
(2011)
MICROPROPAGATION OF RARE KOPYOR DWARF COCONUT
(Cocos nucifera L.) THROUGH SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS:
INDUCTION AND MORPHOLOGICAL CALLUS.
MICROPROPAGATION OF RARE KOPYOR DWARF COCONUT (Cocos nucifera L.) THROUGH SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS: INDUCTION AND MORPHOLOGICAL CALLUS.
p. 10.
ISSN 1655-3179
Abstract
Kopyor coconut is a natural mutant that
has abnormal endosperm development and cannot
be propagated by conventional technique. To
rescue the population of kopyor dwarf coconut in
nature, micropropagation by somatic embryogenesis
has been done through callus induction.
Embryogenic calluses were induced from zygotic
embryo explants in the media contained 5-15 mg. L1
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) or 0.5-1.0
mg. L-1 picloram. Explants were cultured in the
Eeuwens media consisted of 2.5 g.L-1 activated
carbon, 60 g.L-1 sucrose, and 7 g.L-1 agar. The
induction of calluses was strongly influence by the
presence of 2,4-D or picloram. On culture medium
without 2,4-D or picloram, explants presented the
development of shoot growth, but no calluses was
observed. Growth regulator 2,4-D could induce
embriogenic callus in the ranged concentration from
5 to 15 mg.L-1. A high concentration of 2,4-D
(above 15 mg.L-1) caused explants necrotic and led
to the death tissue. Concentration below those
range resulted in a small number of callus or no
response. Picloram showed less effective in
producing embriogenic callus compared to 2,4-D.
Morphological analyses revealed that embriogenic
callus had friable and nodular structure, compact,
with white yellowish colour, while non-embriogenic
callus showed spongy structure and white colour.
Key words: auxin, callus multiplication, picloram,
somatic embryo, 2,4-D.
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